Economy April 24, 2026 05:24 AM

China Accelerates Fiscal Outlays in First Quarter as Authorities Boost Support for Growth

Beijing raises government spending and leans on bond issuance as land-sale receipts slump and property sector pressures persist

By Avery Klein
China Accelerates Fiscal Outlays in First Quarter as Authorities Boost Support for Growth

China's central government increased fiscal expenditure by 2.6% in the first quarter versus a year earlier, up from a 1% rise in 2025, as authorities move to shore up growth. First-quarter outlays hit 7.47 trillion yuan while fiscal revenue rose 2.4% to 6.16 trillion yuan. The quarter's spending represented 24.9% of the annual budgeted total - the highest share in recent years - as policymakers pledged record public spending, more government bond issuance and transfers to local governments amid weakening land-sale receipts.

Key Points

  • Fiscal expenditure rose 2.6% in Q1 year-on-year to 7.47 trillion yuan, up from a 1% increase in 2025 - impacts public-sector spending and government finances.
  • Fiscal revenue increased 2.4% to 6.16 trillion yuan in the same period - relevant to overall budget balance and fiscal space.
  • Land-sale receipts fell sharply - government land sales revenue down 24.4% in the first three months and down 25.2% over the first two months of 2026 - affecting local government finances and the property sector.

April 24 - China's fiscal activity showed a notable uptick in the first quarter as Beijing stepped up government outlays to support the economy. Fiscal expenditure for January through March increased 2.6% from the same period a year earlier, accelerating from a 1% rise reported in 2025, the finance ministry said on Friday.

Total fiscal spending in the quarter reached 7.47 trillion yuan. On the receipts side, fiscal revenue expanded 2.4% year-on-year to 6.16 trillion yuan for the period.

A finance ministry official told a media briefing that first-quarter spending accounted for 24.9% of the annual budgeted expenditure - the highest such proportion in recent years - as authorities committed to raising government outlays to help achieve this year’s economic growth target.

Policymakers signalled continuity in an active fiscal stance at an agenda-setting meeting held last month. Officials vowed to pursue a "more proactive" fiscal policy for 2026 and pledged record public spending, increased government bond issuance and larger transfers to local governments.

At the same time, revenues tied to land sales continued to fall. Government income from land sales declined 24.4% over the first three months compared with a year earlier, the finance ministry also reported. The ministry noted that revenue from land sales by local governments was down 25.2% on the year over the first two months of 2026, following a 14.7% contraction in 2025.

Local governments have long depended on proceeds from selling land-use rights to property developers as a key revenue source. The prolonged downturn in the property market that began in mid-2021 has continued to weigh on local government finances.

($1 = 6.8377 Chinese yuan renminbi)


Context and implications

The data show Beijing deliberately front-loading fiscal support by increasing the share of annual budgeted spending in the first quarter. Combined with plans for larger government bond issues and higher transfers to local authorities, the approach indicates an effort to offset mounting downside risks stemming from weak land-sale receipts and a still-strained property sector.

Details on the timing, size and composition of the additional bond issuance and transfers were not provided in the finance ministry's statements cited above.

Risks

  • Continued weakness in land-sale revenue poses a risk to local government finances and could limit their ability to fund services and projects - this primarily affects local government balance sheets and the property sector.
  • Higher public spending combined with increased government bond issuance may raise financing needs and market scrutiny - this is relevant to the government bond market and fiscal sustainability assessments.
  • The prolonged property downturn that began in mid-2021 remains an ongoing uncertainty for local fiscal health and the developers that purchase land-use rights.

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