Economy April 17, 2026 08:54 AM

BoE Chief Economist Pill Says Restoring 2% Inflation Must Be Central Priority

Pill stresses inflation targeting above trade-offs as Middle East shock and energy costs limit policy options

By Priya Menon
BoE Chief Economist Pill Says Restoring 2% Inflation Must Be Central Priority

Bank of England Chief Economist Huw Pill said the central bank should prioritise returning inflation to its 2% target above other competing policy trade-offs. He argued that recent shocks stemming from the Middle East conflict and higher energy prices represent a real economic shock that monetary policy cannot absorb fully, and noted the need for a broader adjustment if those changes prove permanent. Governor Andrew Bailey has also cautioned that risks to growth and jobs should remain part of the Bank's deliberations on rate decisions.

Key Points

  • Huw Pill prioritises returning inflation to the 2% target above other trade-offs; this affects monetary policy stance and expectations for interest rates.
  • Pill said the Middle East conflict and rising energy prices constitute a shock the Bank cannot fully offset with monetary policy; energy-intensive sectors and consumer prices may be particularly affected.
  • Governor Andrew Bailey has urged that risks to growth and jobs be considered alongside inflation in the next rate decision, signalling a dual focus in policy deliberations.

LONDON, April 17 - Bank of England Chief Economist Huw Pill said on Friday that the Bank's foremost objective should be to bring inflation back to the 2% target and keep it there.

Speaking at a roundtable event hosted by Barclays bank in Washington, Pill acknowledged the existence of trade-offs that policymakers must weigh. But he emphasised that, in his view, the priority must be the pursuit and maintenance of the inflation target. "In my thinking, for all the discussion about trade-offs, which is there and we have to take into account, I think the primacy of keeping inflation towards target and keeping it there needs to be emphasised," he said.

Pill also addressed the economic effects of the conflict in the Middle East and the associated rise in energy costs, describing them as a material shock to the economy that falls outside the capacity of monetary policy to fully counteract. He said that if those developments are permanent rather than temporary, the economy will require a substantive adjustment that monetary policy alone cannot provide. "To the extent that’s permanent, so you can’t just smooth your way through it, there will need to be a real adjustment for that, and ultimately monetary policy cannot deliver that real adjustment," he added.

The remarks come after BoE Governor Andrew Bailey underlined the need to consider risks to growth and employment alongside inflation when deciding on rates. Bailey told Reuters on April 1 that the central bank must keep a clear focus on those risks as well as inflation in making its next rate decision.


Key elements of Pill's comments centred on the hierarchy of objectives for monetary policy and the limits of interest rate tools in the face of externally driven price shocks.

  • Pill placed the highest priority on steering inflation toward the 2% target and maintaining it there, while recognising trade-offs that policymakers must take into account.
  • He described the fallout from the Middle East conflict and higher energy prices as a real shock to the economy that monetary policy cannot fully neutralise.
  • Governor Bailey has separately highlighted the importance of monitoring risks to growth and jobs when setting rates.

The comments outline the Bank's internal balance between focusing on inflation control and taking account of broader growth and labour-market considerations in future rate-setting discussions.

Risks

  • If higher energy prices and the fallout from the Middle East conflict prove persistent, the economy will need a 'real adjustment' that monetary policy cannot deliver - a risk to consumption and energy-dependent industries.
  • Balancing the primacy of inflation targeting with concerns about growth and employment introduces the risk of policy tensions that could affect market expectations and financial conditions.

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