Forex & Currencies

How currency markets operate, currency pairs, and global foreign exchange systems.

Part of Fundamentals

What you will learn

This scope is designed to help you build a practical understanding of Forex & Currencies. Lessons move from core definitions to real-world context and common failure points.

Lessons

Reading in order is recommended, but each lesson stands on its own.

10 min read
Beginner

Currency Pairs Explained

A clear, foundational explanation of currency pairs in the foreign exchange market, including how pairs are quoted, why they exist, how they fit into market structure, and where they appear in real economic activity. Practical examples illustrate base versus quote currency, bid and ask prices, and cross rates.

12 min read
Beginner

What Is the Forex Market?

A clear introduction to the foreign exchange market: what it is, how it fits within global finance, why it exists, who participates, and how currency prices are quoted and settled in practice, with real-world context and examples. No strategies or recommendations.

10 min read
Beginner

Base vs Quote Currency

A clear explanation of base and quote currency, why exchange rates are expressed as pairs, how quoting conventions fit within the forex market structure, and practical examples of reading and using currency prices in real-world contexts, without strategies or recommendations.

9 min read
Intermediate

Why Exchange Rates Change

A clear explanation of why exchange rates move, how currency prices are formed in the global FX market, and the economic forces that drive short- and long-run changes, illustrated with real-world context without trading guidance or predictions.','content':'Exchange rates are relative prices. They tell you how many units of one currency are required…

9 min read
Beginner

Major vs Minor Pairs

A structured explanation of how forex markets classify major and minor currency pairs, why the distinction exists, and how it fits within the broader market structure, with practical real-world context and examples, without strategies or recommendations.

12 min read
Intermediate

Forex Market Participants

An in-depth overview of who participates in the foreign exchange market, how they fit into the global market structure, why they exist, and how their interactions shape liquidity, pricing, and risk in currency trading and settlement across the world.

12 min read
Intermediate

Central Banks & FX

A clear explanation of how central banks shape currency values through policy, communication, and balance sheet actions, and how these actions fit within the structure and functioning of the global foreign exchange market. Real-world examples illustrate the mechanics and constraints.

12 min read
Beginner

Interest Rates & Currencies

An in-depth explanation of how interest rates interact with currencies in the global foreign exchange market. Covers the role of central banks, interest rate parity, real versus nominal rates, transmission channels, market mechanics, and real-world examples without offering trading strategies or investment recommendations.

12 min read
Intermediate

Spot vs Forward FX

A clear, academically grounded explanation of spot and forward foreign exchange, how each is defined, where they sit in the market structure, why they exist, and how they appear in real transactions across the global financial system. Includes practical examples and key operational conventions without trading strategies or recommendations.

10 min read
Beginner

24-Hour FX Market

An in-depth explanation of why the foreign exchange market operates around the clock, how activity rotates across global time zones, and what the 24-hour structure means for pricing, liquidity, and operations in spot FX and related instruments. Focused on fundamentals, not strategies.